Suchergebnisse

Problems of land use and ownership result from the inequalities caused by the hegemonic form of capitalism, agribusiness. A possible alternative model has yet to be worked out, and there is a fundamental need to reflect on the struggle against the hegemony of capitalism and how to safeguard the interests of the peasantry. From this perspective, the agrarian question should be considered as a conflict between those favoring the interests of the peasantry and family farming and those favoring agribusiness. A paradigmatic debate about the roles of the Brazilian state, agribusiness, and the peasant movements in formulating public policy shows that the potential for the peasantry to grow food is threatened by the concentration of power, landownership, capital, technology, and wealth. Unless there is a change in the development model, the prospect is increasing inequality. The experiment with having two government ministries for agriculture is an important step in the shaping of policies to support family farming. Os problemas com uso e propriedade da terra são resultados das desigualdades causadas pelo modelo capitalista hegemônico denominado agronegócio. Um possível modelo alternativo está sendo gestado e há necessidade de refletir sobre a luta contra a hegemonia do capitalismo e como salvaguardar os interesses dos camponeses. A partir desta perspectiva, a questão agrária deve ser considerada como conflitualidade permanente entre os interesses dos camponeses ou agricultura familiar e os interesses do agronegócio. O debate paradigmático contribui para compreender o papel do Estado brasileiro, do agronegócio e dos movimentos camponeses na formulação de políticas públicas. Também mostra que as possibilidades de criação de um modelo de desenvolvimento do campesinato está ameaçado pela concentração de poder, propriedade da terra, capital, tecnologia e riqueza nas mãos do agronegócio. Se não houver uma mudança com a criação de um modelo de desenvolvimento voltado aos interesses da agricultura camponesa, a perspectiva é de aumento da desigualdade. A experiência de ter dois ministérios para a agricultura é condição fundamental na definição de políticas de apoio à agricultura camponesa e familiar.

The process of re-peasantization in Brazil occurs primarily through the peasant struggle for land and agrarian reform. Adopting a geographic method and using territorialization as a central axis of study, this article analyzes the history of peasant formation, particularly focusing on the formation of the Landless Rural Workers' Movement (MST), the peasant movement that has most contributed to the process of recreating the peasantry through land occupations. The process of re-peasantization occurring over the last 30 years is supported by data showing that more than a million families have been settled through agrarian reform. However, these fractional territorial gains have not eliminated the subordination of peasants by capitalized land rent. Using data from the most recent Agricultural Census, we highlight the situation of dependence to which Brazilian peasants are submitted. The hegemony of agribusiness has provoked a reflux in the peasant struggle for land and agrarian reform, which currently finds itself stagnant. The greatest challenge for peasant movements is the creation of a development model for their territories which would enable them to recuperate the process of re-peasantization.

O trabalho estuda a evolução do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais SemTerra (MST) e da reforma agrária no Brasil. Argumenta também que o governonão quer uma reforma agrária que limite o agronegócio e por isso privilegia a legalização da colonização de terras na Amazónia. Expõe finalmente que o agronegócio e as ocupações camponesas avançam simultâneamente nessa região o que isso deixa prever uma dura disputa territorial no momento em que a fronteira agricola chegue ao seu limite. (Rev. del OSAL/GIGA)

En el marco del VII Congreso Nacional de Geografía de Universidades Públicas y XXI Jornadas de Investigación y Enseñanza en Geografía, realizado el 9, 10 y 11 de octubre de 2019 en la Ciudad de La Plata, Buenos Aires, el Doctor Bernardo Mançano Fernandes y la Doctora María Laura Silveira fueron los encargados de las conferencias iniciales y finales del mencionado congreso.

This article examines the expansion of agribusiness and the evolution of land grabbing in Brazil and Mozambique. The modernization of Brazil's agricultural sector, which began in the 1960s, successfully expanded into the cerrado region in the 1980s under the state-led PRODECER project. Modernization and state-led programmes such as PRODECER gave new rise to different forms and practices of land grabbing, creating spaces for investment by foreigners. Over the last three decades the production of soybeans in the cerrado has come under substantial foreign control and in recent years, sugarcane production and foreign investment in the ethanol industry has grown markedly in the region; the social and environmental effects of this have been devastating. In this article we will also examine the recent interest of Brazilian agribusinesses in investing in Mozambican land and in particular, the ProSAVANA programme modelled on PRODECER. We argue that while Brazil is subject to land grabbing by foreign capital, it has also become a promoter of land grabbing in Mozambique.

The Second Edition of this book is completely revised and updated throughout providing an overview of current challenges faced within the area of Agri-food in relation to policymaking, ecological conservation and socio-environmental justice. Including a range of new chapters, the book explores some of the conceptual and analytical gaps that are presented by current approaches to this topic. The series of interconnected chapters offers a critical reinterpretation of the tensions associated with the failures of mainstream regulatory regimes, land and resource grabbing, and the impacts of global agri-food chains at local, regional and inter-sectoral scales. The book also examines past legacies and emerging challenges associated with agriculture modernisation, politico-spatial disputes, climate change, social movements, gender, ethnicity and education. It likewise addresses the transformative potential of different combinations of biophysical, socio-technical and socio-spatial practices of food sovereignty. Antonio Augusto Rossotto Ioris is reader in human geography and director of the M.Sc. in Environment and Development at the School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University. Associate editor of the journal Progress in Development Studies and author of, among others, the books "Agribusiness and the Neoliberal Food System in Brazil: Frontiers and Fissures of Agro-neoliberalism" (2017), "Frontier Making in the Amazon: Economic, Political and Socioecological Conversion" (2020) and "Kaiowcide: Living through the Guarani-Kaiowa Genocide" (2021). He edited "Agriculture, Environment and Development: International Perspectives on Water, Land and Politics", published in 2016. Bernardo Mançano Fernandes is professor of the Graduate Programme in Geography and of the Graduate Programme in Territorial Development in Latin America the Caribbean, São Paulo State University (UNESP), and holder of the UNESCO Chair in Territorial Development and Education for the Countryside. He is CNPq Research Productivity Fellow and leader of the discipline of Geography at FAPESP.--